Tropical Plant Research
An International Journal by Society for Tropical Plant Research
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2021, VOLUME 8 ISSUE 1Pages: 13-21
Histochemical localization of secondary metabolites in vivo, in vitro leaf and leaf derived callus of Salacia macrosperma Wight.
C. Mahendra*, M. S. Sudarshana and Shobha Jagannath
*Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru-570006, Karnataka, India
Abstract:
Salacia macrosperma (Celastraceae) a potent anti-diabetic medicinal plant of Western Ghat, India. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative histochemical characterization of in vivo, in vitro leaf and leaf derived callus. Histochemistry is a primary set of pharmacognestic techniques to assess the quality of herbal drugs through anatomical studies of medicinal plants. Leaf and nodal explants were used for the induction of callus and multiple shoot regeneration. 93%, 76% and 69% callus were achieved in 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acids (1.5 mg l-1), Benzylaminopurine (2 mg l-1) and Kinetin (1.5 mg l-1) on MS medium. The histochemical investigation of fresh free hand sections of in vivo, in vitro leaf and callus was employed by light microscopy. The analysis showed that the presence and absence of diverse classes of secondary metabolites in various cellular localization. In the histochemical test, carbohydrates and triterpenes were present in all the three tested samples while alkaloids, lignin, tannin and flavonoids were present only in vivo, in vitro leaf. Most of the biochemical tests showed negative results towards callus material except starch, triterpenes, carbohydrates, oils and fats. This observation reveals field grown plant possess a maximum number of chemical constituents than in vitro regenerated plant and the callus. The outcome of this study concluded that the potential use of this plant species and also standardization of herbal drug formulations can be useful in the identifications of new bioactive compounds from this valuable medicinal plant species.
Salacia macrosperma (Celastraceae) a potent anti-diabetic medicinal plant of Western Ghat, India. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative histochemical characterization of in vivo, in vitro leaf and leaf derived callus. Histochemistry is a primary set of pharmacognestic techniques to assess the quality of herbal drugs through anatomical studies of medicinal plants. Leaf and nodal explants were used for the induction of callus and multiple shoot regeneration. 93%, 76% and 69% callus were achieved in 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acids (1.5 mg l-1), Benzylaminopurine (2 mg l-1) and Kinetin (1.5 mg l-1) on MS medium. The histochemical investigation of fresh free hand sections of in vivo, in vitro leaf and callus was employed by light microscopy. The analysis showed that the presence and absence of diverse classes of secondary metabolites in various cellular localization. In the histochemical test, carbohydrates and triterpenes were present in all the three tested samples while alkaloids, lignin, tannin and flavonoids were present only in vivo, in vitro leaf. Most of the biochemical tests showed negative results towards callus material except starch, triterpenes, carbohydrates, oils and fats. This observation reveals field grown plant possess a maximum number of chemical constituents than in vitro regenerated plant and the callus. The outcome of this study concluded that the potential use of this plant species and also standardization of herbal drug formulations can be useful in the identifications of new bioactive compounds from this valuable medicinal plant species.
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